This model, which mimics soil-transmitted helminth infections in humans and livestock, offers evidence of how diet and the gut microbiota impact infection and immunity, from the wild to the lab.

Interspecific hybridization between trematode parasites poses serious health risks to humans. Many systems have shown possible hybridization between different schistosome species.

Malaria, anemia and malnutrition are global health challenges with significant morbidity and mortality, with higher rates among children particularly in Africa. Recently there has been displacement of over a million people due to different crisis in Nigeria.